TAWHEED ACADEMY

Prayer Master Page – Ṣalāh & Wudū’ Learning System

Meaning of Prayer (Ṣalāh)

معنى الصلاة وأدلتها من القرآن والسنة

Meaning of Prayer (Ṣalāh)

معنى الصلاة وأدلتها من القرآن والسنة

Definition of Prayer (Ṣalāh)

الصَّلَاةُ في اللغة: الدُّعَاءُ. وفي الاصطلاح: عبادةٌ عظيمةٌ ذاتُ أقوالٍ وأفعالٍ مخصوصةٍ، تُفتَتَحُ بالتكبير وتُختَتَمُ بالتسليم، شُرِعَت لِتَكونَ صِلَةً بين العبد وربِّه.

Prayer in Islam is a structured act of worship consisting of specific words and movements, beginning with “Allāhu Akbar” and ending with “As‑Salāmu ʿAlaykum.” It is the **pillar of the religion** and the **connection between the servant and his Lord**.

Qur’anic Verses Commanding Prayer

﴿ وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ ﴾ — سورة البقرة: 43

“Establish the prayer and give the zakāh.” (Al‑Baqarah 2:43)

﴿ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَوْقُوتًا ﴾ — سورة النساء: 103

“Indeed, the prayer has been prescribed upon the believers at fixed times.” (An‑Nisā’ 4:103)

﴿ وَأْمُرْ أَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَاصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْهَا ﴾ — سورة طه: 132

“Command your family to pray and be steadfast upon it.” (Ṭā‑Hā 20:132)

Hadith on the Importance of Prayer

عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «بُنِيَ الإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ… وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ…»
Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Islam is built upon five… and establishing the prayer…” — Bukhari & Muslim
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «رَأْسُ الأَمْرِ الإِسْلَامُ، وَعَمُودُهُ الصَّلَاةُ…»
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The head of the matter is Islam, and its pillar is the prayer…” — Tirmidhi
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «الصَّلَاةُ نُورٌ»
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Prayer is light.” — Muslim
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «أَوَّلُ مَا يُحَاسَبُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الصَّلَاةُ…»
The Prophet ﷺ said: “The first deed for which a servant will be held accountable on the Day of Judgment is the prayer…” — Abu Dawud

The Purpose of Prayer

Prayer purifies the heart, disciplines the soul, and strengthens the bond between the servant and Allah.

﴿ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَنْهَىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنكَرِ ﴾ — سورة العنكبوت: 45

“Indeed, prayer prevents immorality and wrongdoing.” (Al‑ʿAnkabūt 29:45)

Ablution (Wudū’)

الوضوء – خطواته وأدلته وصوره

Ablution (Wudū’)

الوضوء – خطواته وأدلته وصوره

Wudū’ in the Qur’an

﴿ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرَافِقِ وَامْسَحُوا بِرُءُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ ﴾ — سورة المائدة: 6

“O you who believe! When you rise to perform prayer, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, wipe your heads, and wash your feet up to the ankles.” (Al‑Mā’idah 5:6)

Hadith on the Virtue of Wudū’

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا تَوَضَّأَ الْعَبْدُ الْمُسْلِمُ فَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ، خَرَجَ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ كُلُّ خَطِيئَةٍ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا…»
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “When a Muslim performs wudū’ and washes his face, every sin he looked at leaves with the water…” — Muslim
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «لَا يُحَافِظُ عَلَى الْوُضُوءِ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ»
The Prophet ﷺ said: “None maintains wudū’ except a believer.” — Ibn Mājah

Supplication Before Wudū’

«بِسْمِ اللَّهِ»

“In the Name of Allah.”

Saying “Bismillāh” before wudū’ is Sunnah and completes the reward of purification.

How to Perform Wudū’ (Step-by-Step)

Each step includes an image placeholder. Upload your images into /images/ and keep the same filenames.

1. Intention (النِّيَّة)

The intention is made in the heart: to purify oneself for prayer. It is not spoken out loud.

Intention for Wudu

2. Saying “Bismillāh” (التَّسْمِيَة)

Begin wudū’ by saying: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

Saying Bismillah

3. Washing the Hands (غَسْلُ الْيَدَيْنِ)

Wash both hands up to the wrists three times.

Washing Hands

4. Rinsing the Mouth (المَضْمَضَة)

Rinse the mouth three times, swirling the water inside.

Rinsing Mouth

5. Rinsing the Nose (الاسْتِنْشَاق وَالاسْتِنْثَار)

Sniff water into the nose and blow it out three times.

Rinsing Nose

6. Washing the Face (غَسْلُ الْوَجْهِ)

Wash the entire face from hairline to chin and ear to ear three times.

Washing Face

7. Washing the Arms (غَسْلُ الْيَدَيْنِ إِلَى الْمِرْفَقَيْنِ)

Wash the right arm up to and including the elbow three times, then the left.

Washing Arms

8. Wiping the Head (مَسْحُ الرَّأْس)

Wipe the entire head once, from front to back and back to front.

Wiping Head

9. Wiping the Ears (مَسْحُ الْأُذُنَيْنِ)

Wipe the inside and outside of both ears once.

Wiping Ears

10. Washing the Feet (غَسْلُ الرِّجْلَيْنِ)

Wash the right foot up to the ankles three times, then the left.

Washing Feet

Supplication After Wudū’

«أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ»

“I bear witness that there is no god except Allah alone with no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger.”

«اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ التَّوَّابِينَ، وَاجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ»

“O Allah, make me among those who constantly repent and make me among those who purify themselves.”

The Prophet ﷺ said: “All eight gates of Paradise will be opened for the one who says this after wudū’.” — Muslim

How to Perform Prayer

كيفية أداء الصلاة خطوة بخطوة

How to Perform Prayer (Ṣalāh)

كيفية أداء الصلاة خطوة بخطوة

Each step includes an image placeholder. Upload your images into /images/ and keep the same filenames.

1. Standing Facing the Qiblah (القيام واستقبال القبلة)

Stand upright facing the Qiblah with humility and presence of heart.

Standing Facing Qiblah

2. Intention (النِّيَّة)

The intention is made in the heart — not spoken aloud. You intend the specific prayer (e.g., Ẓuhr, ʿAṣr, Maghrib).

Intention

3. Takbīratul-Iḥrām (تكبيرة الإحرام)

Raise your hands to shoulder or ear level and say:

«اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ»

“Allah is the Greatest.”

Takbiratul Ihram

4. Placing the Hands (وَضْعُ الْيَدَيْنِ)

Place the right hand over the left on the chest.

Placing Hands

5. Opening Supplication (دعاء الاستفتاح)

«سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ، وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ، وَلَا إِلٰهَ غَيْرُكَ»

“Glory is to You, O Allah, and praise; blessed is Your Name, exalted is Your Majesty, and none has the right to be worshipped except You.”

Opening Supplication

6. Reciting Sūrat al-Fātiḥah (قراءة الفاتحة)

«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ…»

Recite Sūrat al‑Fātiḥah completely. It is a pillar of every rakʿah.

Reciting Fatiha

7. Reciting Another Sūrah (قراءة سورة قصيرة)

Recite any short sūrah or verses from the Qur’an.

Reciting Surah

8. Bowing (Rukūʿ) – الركوع

Raise your hands and say:

«اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ»

Bow with your back straight and hands on your knees.

«سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ» (ثلاثًا)

“Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great.” (3 times)

Ruku

9. Rising from Rukūʿ (الرفع من الركوع)

«سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ»

“Allah hears the one who praises Him.”

«رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ»

“Our Lord, to You belongs all praise.”

Rising from Ruku

10. Prostration (Sujūd) – السجود

Go down to prostration saying:

«اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ»

Place your forehead, nose, palms, knees, and toes on the ground.

«سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الأَعْلَى» (ثلاثًا)

“Glory be to my Lord, the Most High.” (3 times)

Sujud

11. Sitting Between the Two Sujūd (الجلوس بين السجدتين)

«رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي، وَارْحَمْنِي، وَاهْدِنِي، وَارْزُقْنِي، وَاجْبُرْنِي، وَعَافِنِي»

“My Lord, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, provide for me, strengthen me, and grant me well‑being.”

Sitting Between Sujud

12. Second Sujūd (السجدة الثانية)

Repeat the same dhikr as the first sujūd.

Second Sujud

13. Standing for the Second Rakʿah (القيام للركعة الثانية)

Stand up saying:

«اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ»

Standing for Second Rakah

14. Tashahhud (التشهد)

«التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَىٰ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ»

“All greetings, prayers, and goodness are for Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger.”

Tashahhud

15. Sending Salat upon the Prophet ﷺ (الصلاة على النبي)

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَىٰ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَىٰ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ…»

“O Allah, send prayers upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent prayers upon Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim…”

Salat Ibrahimiyya

16. Taslīm (التسليم)

«السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ»

“Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah.”

Turn your head to the right, then to the left.

Taslim

Pillars, Obligatory Acts, Sunnah Acts

أركان الصلاة والوضوء وواجباتهما وسننهما

Pillars, Obligatory Acts, and Sunnah Acts

أركان الصلاة والوضوء وواجباتهما وسننهما

أولًا: أركان الوضوء (Pillars of Wudū’)

1. النِّيَّةُ — Intention in the heart.

2. غَسْلُ الْوَجْهِ — Washing the face.

3. غَسْلُ الْيَدَيْنِ إِلَى الْمِرْفَقَيْنِ — Washing both arms up to the elbows.

4. مَسْحُ الرَّأْسِ — Wiping the head.

5. غَسْلُ الرِّجْلَيْنِ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ — Washing both feet up to the ankles.

6. التَّرْتِيبُ — Performing the steps in order.

واجبات الوضوء (Obligatory Acts of Wudū’)

The obligatory acts of wudū’ are the same as its pillars, as mentioned in Sūrat al‑Mā’idah (5:6).

سنن الوضوء (Sunnah Acts of Wudū’)

1. التَّسْمِيَةُ — Saying “Bismillāh”.

2. السِّوَاكُ — Using the siwāk.

3. غَسْلُ الْكَفَّيْنِ ثَلَاثًا — Washing the hands three times at the start.

4. المَضْمَضَةُ — Rinsing the mouth.

5. الاسْتِنْشَاقُ وَالاسْتِنْثَارُ — Rinsing the nose.

6. تَخْلِيلُ اللِّحْيَةِ — Running fingers through the beard.

7. تَخْلِيلُ أَصَابِعِ الْيَدَيْنِ وَالرِّجْلَيْنِ — Interlacing fingers and toes.

8. تَثْلِيثُ الْغَسْلِ — Washing each limb three times.


ثانيًا: أركان الصلاة (Pillars of Prayer)

1. النِّيَّةُ — Intention.

2. تَكْبِيرَةُ الإِحْرَامِ — Opening takbīr.

3. القِيَامُ — Standing (for those able).

4. قِرَاءَةُ الْفَاتِحَةِ — Reciting Sūrat al‑Fātiḥah.

5. الرُّكُوعُ — Bowing.

6. الِاعْتِدَالُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ — Standing after bowing.

7. السُّجُودُ — Prostration.

8. الِاعْتِدَالُ بَيْنَ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ — Sitting between the two sujūd.

9. الطُّمَأْنِينَةُ — Calmness in every pillar.

10. التَّشَهُّدُ الأَخِيرُ — Final tashahhud.

11. الجُلُوسُ لِلتَّشَهُّدِ الأَخِيرِ — Sitting for the final tashahhud.

12. الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ — Sending salāt upon the Prophet ﷺ.

13. التَّسْلِيمَتَانِ — Two taslīms.

14. التَّرْتِيبُ — Performing the pillars in order.

واجبات الصلاة (Obligatory Acts of Prayer)

1. التَّكْبِيرَاتُ غَيْرُ تَكْبِيرَةِ الإِحْرَامِ — All takbīrs except the opening one.

2. سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ — Saying this when rising from rukūʿ.

3. رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ — Saying this after rising.

4. سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ — Saying it in rukūʿ.

5. سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الأَعْلَى — Saying it in sujūd.

6. رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي — Saying it between the two sujūd.

7. التَّشَهُّدُ الأَوَّلُ — The first tashahhud.

8. الجُلُوسُ لِلتَّشَهُّدِ الأَوَّلِ — Sitting for the first tashahhud.

سنن الصلاة (Sunnah Acts of Prayer)

1. رَفْعُ الْيَدَيْنِ — Raising the hands at specific points.

2. وَضْعُ الْيَدِ الْيُمْنَى عَلَى الْيُسْرَى — Placing right hand over left.

3. دُعَاءُ الِاسْتِفْتَاحِ — Opening supplication.

4. قِرَاءَةُ سُورَةٍ بَعْدَ الْفَاتِحَةِ — Reciting another sūrah.

5. التَّسْمِيعُ وَالتَّحْمِيدُ — Saying “Samiʿallāhu liman ḥamidah” and “Rabbana wa laka al‑ḥamd”.

6. تَكْرَارُ التَّسْبِيحِ — Repeating tasbīḥ in rukūʿ and sujūd.

7. الدُّعَاءُ فِي السُّجُودِ — Making duʿā’ in sujūd.

8. الجُلُوسُ عَلَى الْيُسْرَى وَنَصْبُ الْيُمْنَى — Sunnah sitting positions.

9. التَّوَرُّكُ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ الأَخِيرِ — Tawarruk in the final tashahhud.

10. السُّكُونُ وَالْخُشُوعُ — Maintaining humility and calmness.